Discovery and mode of action of a novel analgesic β-toxin from the African spider Ceratogyrus darlingi
Identifieur interne : 000E17 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000E16; suivant : 000E18Discovery and mode of action of a novel analgesic β-toxin from the African spider Ceratogyrus darlingi
Auteurs : Silmara R. Sousa [Australie] ; Joshua S. Wingerd [Australie] ; Andreas Brust [Australie] ; Christopher Bladen [Canada] ; Lotten Ragnarsson [Australie] ; Volker Herzig [Australie] ; Jennifer R. Deuis [Australie] ; Sebastien Dutertre [France] ; Irina Vetter [Australie] ; Gerald W. Zamponi [Canada] ; Glenn F. King [Australie] ; Paul F. Alewood [Australie] ; Richard J. Lewis [Australie]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2017.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Analgésiques (), Analgésiques (pharmacologie), Animaux, Araignées (), Canal sodique voltage-dépendant NAV1.1 (métabolisme), Canal sodique voltage-dépendant NAV1.7 (métabolisme), Canaux calciques de type N (métabolisme), Fluorimétrie, Humains, Peptides (), Peptides (pharmacologie), Rats, Sites de fixation (), Souris, Venins d'araignée (), Électrophysiologie.
- MESH :
- métabolisme : Canal sodique voltage-dépendant NAV1.1, Canal sodique voltage-dépendant NAV1.7, Canaux calciques de type N.
- pharmacologie : Analgésiques, Peptides.
- Analgésiques, Animaux, Araignées, Fluorimétrie, Humains, Peptides, Rats, Sites de fixation, Souris, Venins d'araignée, Électrophysiologie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Analgesics (chemistry), Analgesics (pharmacology), Animals, Binding Sites (drug effects), Calcium Channels, N-Type (metabolism), Electrophysiology, Fluorometry, Humans, Mice, NAV1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (metabolism), NAV1.7 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (metabolism), Peptides (chemistry), Peptides (pharmacology), Rats, Spider Venoms (chemistry), Spiders (chemistry).
- MESH :
- chemical , chemistry : Analgesics, Peptides, Spider Venoms.
- chemical , metabolism : Calcium Channels, N-Type, NAV1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel, NAV1.7 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel.
- chemical , pharmacology : Analgesics, Peptides.
- chemistry : Spiders.
- drug effects : Binding Sites.
- Animals, Electrophysiology, Fluorometry, Humans, Mice, Rats.
Abstract
Spider venoms are rich sources of peptidic ion channel modulators with important therapeutical potential. We screened a panel of 60 spider venoms to find modulators of ion channels involved in pain transmission. We isolated, synthesized and pharmacologically characterized Cd1a, a novel peptide from the venom of the spider
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182848
PubMed: 28880874
PubMed Central: 5589098
Affiliations:
- Australie, Canada, France
- Alberta, Languedoc-Roussillon, Occitanie (région administrative)
- Calgary, Montpellier
- Université de Calgary
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Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Discovery and mode of action of a novel analgesic β-toxin from the African spider <italic>Ceratogyrus darlingi</italic></title><author><name sortKey="Sousa, Silmara R" sort="Sousa, Silmara R" uniqKey="Sousa S" first="Silmara R." last="Sousa">Silmara R. Sousa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wingerd, Joshua S" sort="Wingerd, Joshua S" uniqKey="Wingerd J" first="Joshua S." last="Wingerd">Joshua S. 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Sousa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wingerd, Joshua S" sort="Wingerd, Joshua S" uniqKey="Wingerd J" first="Joshua S." last="Wingerd">Joshua S. Wingerd</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brust, Andreas" sort="Brust, Andreas" uniqKey="Brust A" first="Andreas" last="Brust">Andreas Brust</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bladen, Christopher" sort="Bladen, Christopher" uniqKey="Bladen C" first="Christopher" last="Bladen">Christopher Bladen</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, The University of Calgary, Calgary</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Calgary</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Calgary</settlement><region type="state">Alberta</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ragnarsson, Lotten" sort="Ragnarsson, Lotten" uniqKey="Ragnarsson L" first="Lotten" last="Ragnarsson">Lotten Ragnarsson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herzig, Volker" sort="Herzig, Volker" uniqKey="Herzig V" first="Volker" last="Herzig">Volker Herzig</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deuis, Jennifer R" sort="Deuis, Jennifer R" uniqKey="Deuis J" first="Jennifer R." last="Deuis">Jennifer R. Deuis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dutertre, Sebastien" sort="Dutertre, Sebastien" uniqKey="Dutertre S" first="Sebastien" last="Dutertre">Sebastien Dutertre</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université Montpellier - CNRS, Montpellier, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université Montpellier - CNRS, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region">Languedoc-Roussillon</region><settlement type="city">Montpellier</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vetter, Irina" sort="Vetter, Irina" uniqKey="Vetter I" first="Irina" last="Vetter">Irina Vetter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zamponi, Gerald W" sort="Zamponi, Gerald W" uniqKey="Zamponi G" first="Gerald W." last="Zamponi">Gerald W. Zamponi</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, The University of Calgary, Calgary</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Calgary</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Calgary</settlement><region type="state">Alberta</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="King, Glenn F" sort="King, Glenn F" uniqKey="King G" first="Glenn F." last="King">Glenn F. King</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alewood, Paul F" sort="Alewood, Paul F" uniqKey="Alewood P" first="Paul F." last="Alewood">Paul F. Alewood</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lewis, Richard J" sort="Lewis, Richard J" uniqKey="Lewis R" first="Richard J." last="Lewis">Richard J. Lewis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>IMB Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Brisbane</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Analgesics (chemistry)</term><term>Analgesics (pharmacology)</term><term>Animals</term><term>Binding Sites (drug effects)</term><term>Calcium Channels, N-Type (metabolism)</term><term>Electrophysiology</term><term>Fluorometry</term><term>Humans</term><term>Mice</term><term>NAV1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (metabolism)</term><term>NAV1.7 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (metabolism)</term><term>Peptides (chemistry)</term><term>Peptides (pharmacology)</term><term>Rats</term><term>Spider Venoms (chemistry)</term><term>Spiders (chemistry)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Analgésiques ()</term><term>Analgésiques (pharmacologie)</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Araignées ()</term><term>Canal sodique voltage-dépendant NAV1.1 (métabolisme)</term><term>Canal sodique voltage-dépendant NAV1.7 (métabolisme)</term><term>Canaux calciques de type N (métabolisme)</term><term>Fluorimétrie</term><term>Humains</term><term>Peptides ()</term><term>Peptides (pharmacologie)</term><term>Rats</term><term>Sites de fixation ()</term><term>Souris</term><term>Venins d'araignée ()</term><term>Électrophysiologie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Analgesics</term><term>Peptides</term><term>Spider Venoms</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Calcium Channels, N-Type</term><term>NAV1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel</term><term>NAV1.7 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="pharmacology" xml:lang="en"><term>Analgesics</term><term>Peptides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Spiders</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Binding Sites</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Canal sodique voltage-dépendant NAV1.1</term><term>Canal sodique voltage-dépendant NAV1.7</term><term>Canaux calciques de type N</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pharmacologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Analgésiques</term><term>Peptides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Electrophysiology</term><term>Fluorometry</term><term>Humans</term><term>Mice</term><term>Rats</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Analgésiques</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Araignées</term><term>Fluorimétrie</term><term>Humains</term><term>Peptides</term><term>Rats</term><term>Sites de fixation</term><term>Souris</term><term>Venins d'araignée</term><term>Électrophysiologie</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Spider venoms are rich sources of peptidic ion channel modulators with important therapeutical potential. We screened a panel of 60 spider venoms to find modulators of ion channels involved in pain transmission. We isolated, synthesized and pharmacologically characterized Cd1a, a novel peptide from the venom of the spider <italic>Ceratogyrus darlingi</italic>. Cd1a reversibly paralysed sheep blowflies (PD<sub>50</sub> of 1318 pmol/g) and inhibited human Ca<sub>v</sub>2.2 (IC<sub>50</sub> 2.6 μM) but not Ca<sub>v</sub>1.3 or Ca<sub>v</sub>3.1 (IC<sub>50</sub> > 30 μM) in fluorimetric assays. In patch-clamp electrophysiological assays Cd1a inhibited rat Ca<sub>v</sub>2.2 with similar potency (IC<sub>50</sub> 3 μM) without influencing the voltage dependence of Ca<sub>v</sub>2.2 activation gating, suggesting that Cd1a doesn’t act on Ca<sub>v</sub>2.2 as a classical gating modifier toxin. The Cd1a binding site on Ca<sub>v</sub>2.2 did not overlap with that of the pore blocker ω-conotoxin GVIA, but its activity at Ca<sub>v</sub>2.2-mutant indicated that Cd1a shares some molecular determinants with GVIA and MVIIA, localized near the pore region. Cd1a also inhibited human Na<sub>v</sub>1.1–1.2 and Na<sub>v</sub>1.7–1.8 (IC<sub>50</sub> 0.1–6.9 μM) but not Na<sub>v</sub>1.3–1.6 (IC<sub>50</sub> > 30 μM) in fluorimetric assays. In patch-clamp assays, Cd1a strongly inhibited human Na<sub>v</sub>1.7 (IC<sub>50</sub> 16 nM) and produced a 29 mV depolarising shift in Na<sub>v</sub>1.7 voltage dependence of activation. Cd1a (400 pmol) fully reversed Na<sub>v</sub>1.7-evoked pain behaviours in mice without producing side effects. In conclusion, Cd1a inhibited two anti-nociceptive targets, appearing to interfere with Ca<sub>v</sub>2.2 inactivation gating, associated with the Ca<sub>v</sub>2.2 α-subunit pore, while altering the activation gating of Na<sub>v</sub>1.7. Cd1a was inactive at some of the Na<sub>v</sub> and Ca<sub>v</sub> channels expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscles and nodes of Ranvier, apparently contributing to the lack of side effects at efficacious doses, and suggesting potential as a lead for development of peripheral pain treatments.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wu, J" uniqKey="Wu J">J Wu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yan, Z" uniqKey="Yan Z">Z Yan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Z" uniqKey="Li Z">Z Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yan, C" uniqKey="Yan C">C Yan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, S" uniqKey="Lu S">S Lu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dong, M" uniqKey="Dong M">M Dong</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Catterall, Wa" uniqKey="Catterall W">WA Catterall</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Catterall, Wa" 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uniqKey="Mathes C">C Mathes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Friis, S" uniqKey="Friis S">S Friis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Finley, M" uniqKey="Finley M">M Finley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Y" uniqKey="Liu Y">Y Liu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Terstappen, Gc" uniqKey="Terstappen G">GC Terstappen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roncarati, R" uniqKey="Roncarati R">R Roncarati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dunlop, J" uniqKey="Dunlop J">J Dunlop</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peri, R" uniqKey="Peri R">R Peri</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Felix, Jp" uniqKey="Felix J">JP Felix</name></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Bs" uniqKey="Williams B">BS Williams</name></author><author><name sortKey="Priest, Bt" uniqKey="Priest B">BT Priest</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brochu, Rm" uniqKey="Brochu R">RM Brochu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dick, Ie" uniqKey="Dick I">IE Dick</name></author><author><name sortKey="Warren, Va" uniqKey="Warren V">VA Warren</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="King, Gf" uniqKey="King G">GF King</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gentz, Mc" uniqKey="Gentz M">MC Gentz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Escoubas, P" uniqKey="Escoubas P">P Escoubas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nicholson, Gm" uniqKey="Nicholson G">GM Nicholson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ma, Z" uniqKey="Ma Z">Z Ma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kong, J" uniqKey="Kong J">J Kong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gordon, D" uniqKey="Gordon D">D Gordon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gurevitz, M" uniqKey="Gurevitz M">M Gurevitz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kallen, Rg" uniqKey="Kallen R">RG Kallen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mcphee, Jc" uniqKey="Mcphee J">JC McPhee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ragsdale, Ds" uniqKey="Ragsdale D">DS Ragsdale</name></author><author><name sortKey="Scheuer, T" uniqKey="Scheuer T">T Scheuer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Catterall, Wa" uniqKey="Catterall W">WA Catterall</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Xiao, Y" uniqKey="Xiao Y">Y Xiao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blumenthal, K" uniqKey="Blumenthal K">K Blumenthal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cummins, Tr" uniqKey="Cummins T">TR Cummins</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fozzard, Ha" uniqKey="Fozzard H">HA Fozzard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lipkind, Gm" uniqKey="Lipkind G">GM Lipkind</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Smith, Jj" uniqKey="Smith J">JJ Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Herzig, V" uniqKey="Herzig V">V Herzig</name></author><author><name sortKey="King, Gf" uniqKey="King G">GF King</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alewood, Pf" uniqKey="Alewood P">PF Alewood</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>Canada</li><li>France</li></country><region><li>Alberta</li><li>Languedoc-Roussillon</li><li>Occitanie (région administrative)</li></region><settlement><li>Calgary</li><li>Montpellier</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Calgary</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sousa, Silmara R" sort="Sousa, Silmara R" uniqKey="Sousa S" first="Silmara R." last="Sousa">Silmara R. Sousa</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Alewood, Paul F" sort="Alewood, Paul F" uniqKey="Alewood P" first="Paul F." last="Alewood">Paul F. Alewood</name><name sortKey="Brust, Andreas" sort="Brust, Andreas" uniqKey="Brust A" first="Andreas" last="Brust">Andreas Brust</name><name sortKey="Deuis, Jennifer R" sort="Deuis, Jennifer R" uniqKey="Deuis J" first="Jennifer R." last="Deuis">Jennifer R. Deuis</name><name sortKey="Herzig, Volker" sort="Herzig, Volker" uniqKey="Herzig V" first="Volker" last="Herzig">Volker Herzig</name><name sortKey="King, Glenn F" sort="King, Glenn F" uniqKey="King G" first="Glenn F." last="King">Glenn F. King</name><name sortKey="Lewis, Richard J" sort="Lewis, Richard J" uniqKey="Lewis R" first="Richard J." last="Lewis">Richard J. Lewis</name><name sortKey="Ragnarsson, Lotten" sort="Ragnarsson, Lotten" uniqKey="Ragnarsson L" first="Lotten" last="Ragnarsson">Lotten Ragnarsson</name><name sortKey="Vetter, Irina" sort="Vetter, Irina" uniqKey="Vetter I" first="Irina" last="Vetter">Irina Vetter</name><name sortKey="Vetter, Irina" sort="Vetter, Irina" uniqKey="Vetter I" first="Irina" last="Vetter">Irina Vetter</name><name sortKey="Wingerd, Joshua S" sort="Wingerd, Joshua S" uniqKey="Wingerd J" first="Joshua S." last="Wingerd">Joshua S. Wingerd</name></country><country name="Canada"><region name="Alberta"><name sortKey="Bladen, Christopher" sort="Bladen, Christopher" uniqKey="Bladen C" first="Christopher" last="Bladen">Christopher Bladen</name></region><name sortKey="Zamponi, Gerald W" sort="Zamponi, Gerald W" uniqKey="Zamponi G" first="Gerald W." last="Zamponi">Gerald W. Zamponi</name></country><country name="France"><region name="Occitanie (région administrative)"><name sortKey="Dutertre, Sebastien" sort="Dutertre, Sebastien" uniqKey="Dutertre S" first="Sebastien" last="Dutertre">Sebastien Dutertre</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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